Una ecuación diofántica / A diophantine equation [ ES / EN ]

in #hive-1635216 months ago

x³ + 2y³ = 4z³, (x, y, z) ∈ ℤ


EspañolEnglish

Solución:

       

( x, y, z ) = ( 0, 0, 0 )


Demostración:

       

Que ( 0, 0, 0 ) es solución resulta obvio, vamos a intentar encontrar otras posibles soluciones de la ecuación,

x ³ + 2y ³ = 4z ³

       

4z³ y 2y³, son ambos pares, lo que implica que x ha de ser par,

       

x1 = x / 2

8x1 ³ + 2y ³ = 4z ³

x1 ³ = ( 4z ³ - 2y ³ ) / 8  

x1 ³ = 4(z / 2 ) ³ - 2( y / 2 ) ³

               _\|/_
               (o o)
----oOO-{_}-OOo--------------------------

Este método de demostrar, por reducción al absurdo, la no existencia de soluciones, cada vez de menor valor, recibe el nombre de descenso infinito de Fermat

Si ( x, y, z ) es solución, ( x/2, y/2, z/2 ) es solución también.

Reiterando este proceso, llegará un momento que encontraremos una raíz impar, lo cual es una contradicción, por lo tanto queda demostrada la no existencia de más raíces.


x³ + 2y³ = 4z³, (x, y, z) ∈ ℤ


EnglishEspañol

Answer:

       

( x, y, z ) = ( 0, 0, 0 )


Solution:

       

( 0, 0, 0 ) is a solution by inspection, we try to prove that is the only one solution,

x ³ + 2y ³ = 4z ³

       

4z³ y 2y³, are even, so x ought to be even also, if the equation has more solutions in integers,

       

x1 = x / 2

8x1 ³ + 2y ³ = 4z ³

x1 ³ = ( 4z ³ - 2y ³ ) / 8  

x1 ³ = 4(z / 2 ) ³ - 2( y / 2 ) ³

               _\|/_
               (o o)
----oOO-{_}-OOo--------------------------

This solution method, in which it is shown that any solution gives rise to a smaller solution, is known as the method of infinite descent

if ( x, y, z ) is a solution, then so is ( x/2, y/2, z/2 ).

We could keep diminishing the solution as shown, and eventually arrive at a solution with an odd value, a contradiction.

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