Hello everyone,how are you all? Hope you all are doing well.we are learning about abdomen anatomy and now we are going to learn abdomen stomach and abdominal aorta.

STOMACH

The stomach is a muscular, hollow organ in the gastrointestinal tract of humans.it helps in digestion.we are not going to physiology part of stomach instead we are going to see anatomy of stomach.

Image source

Image source

Blood supply of stomach

Stomach is supplied by these arteries.

Image source

Below image is a schematic diagram that i have drawn for understanding.

1)Left gastric arteries(LGA)
2)Right gastric arteries(RGA) branch of common hepatic artery
3)Left gastroepiploic artery(LGE) branch of splenic artery
4)Right gastroepiploic artery(RGE) arises from gastroduodenal artery which is a branch of common hepatic artery
5)short gastric arteris(SGA) branch of splenic artery supplies fundus of stomach

Relations of stomach

To lesser curvature side - lesser omentum
To greater curvature side - Greater omentum,gastrosplenic ligament and gastrophrenic ligament

Below is schematic diagram of the relations of stomach

Posterior surface relations/stomach bed relations

Behind the stomach,there are important structures present which we have to know because during surgery these structures may get injured.so they have to be carefully separated during surgery.

Structures present are -

1)Diaphragm
2)Splenic artery
3)Splenic flexure of colon
4)Left suprarenal gland
5)Left kidney
6)Pancreas
7)Transverse mesocolon

ABDOMINAL AORTA

Abdominal aorta is a direct continuation of descending aorta.it passes through major opening of diaphragm which aortic opening taht we already learned in previous post.Abdominal aorta extents from T12 to lower border of L4 vertebrae and it bifurcates into the common iliac arteries.

Image source

Image source

Image source

The abdominal aorta is clinically divided into 2 segments:

1)The suprarenal abdominal or paravisceral segment, inferior to the diaphragm but superior to the renal arteries.
2)The Infrarenal segment, inferior to the renal arteries and superior to the iliac bifurcation
You can see in the above images to understand what i said.

Abdominal aorta has so many branches.lets learn it..

Ventral branches

1)Coeliac trunk at lower border of T12 level
2)Superior mesenteric artery at lower border of L1
3)Inferior mesenteric artery at body of L3.

gif source

Dorsal branches

1. 4 pairs of lumbar arteries
2. 1 median sacral artery

On either side of abdominal aorta(lateral branches)

These are paired arteries because they will be present on either side.

1)Inferior phrenic artery
2)Middle suprarenal artery
3)Renal artery
4)Gonadal artery(testicual artery in males and ovarian artery in females)

Among all these branches ventral branches very important because they supply visceral organs like stomach,liver,pancreas and spleen etc.

There are 3 ventral branches that we learned. Coeliac trunk,superior mesenteric artery and inferior mesenteric artery.these branches supplies the whole digestive tract.how they supply lets understand...

The gastrointestinal system(digestive system) has 3 divisions: the foregut(FG), midgut(MG), and hindgut(HG).

The foregut(FG) is from the oral cavity to the initial part of the duodenum.

The midgut(MG) is from the mid-duodenum to the initial two-thirds of the transverse colon.

The hindgut(HG) is from the later one-third transverse colon to the upper portion of the anus.

The three sections of the GI tract have different blood supplies; the foregut(FG) receives blood supply by the celiac artery(CT), the superior mesentery artery(SMA) supplies the midgut(MG), and the hindgut(HG) gets its supply from the inferior mesentery artery(IMA).

We can understand by below schematic diagram that i have drawn.

REFERENCES

• Gray's Anatomy:The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice,41st Edition Page nos 1116 and 1117,1141-1153.

This is all about stomach and abdominal aorta.hope you learned about them.in the next post we are going to learn about abdominal aorta much more in detail.please go through my previous posts too.

Thanks for reading,

With regards,