Science Still Discover New Things About Human Physiology

Yearly we spend billions of dollars on the human body and our health, and a good portion of that money goes to studying the human physiology and while you might expect that there should be no new discoveries when we talk about our body, it is funny enough that we keep finding new things every time. Asides that, scientists are working hard on neuroscience as well and understanding a lot of things about both our physiology and our perception or consciousness, and I will be sharing a few of these discovery here.

First is the Interstitium which is known as middle. It is the compartment of the body that is filled with liquid all around the body and it was identified in 2015. If you are still finding it hard to understand interstitium then just remember the interstitial fluid which are fluids found in between cells. Scientists discovered this between the period of 2014 and 2015 when they were looking for sign of cancer in a patient at the Mt. Sinai Beth Israel.

Wikimedia

They found the interstitium between the bile duct and they noticed that the instertitium was found in every compressible part of the body. They also took Biopsies of 12 other patients so as to be sure it was present in other humans. The interstitium is a tissue made up of fluid, collagen protein and flexible fibers. So when next you mention the interstitial fluid, remember that there is a part of the body known as the interstitium.

Let me discuss about the Dua's layer which is a thin layer above the cornea which is about 15 microns thick. This layer was discovered in 2015 and made the argument that there are only five layers of the cornea wrong. Before the discovery of the Dua's layer, we thought the cornea had the Epithelium, Bowman's membrane, Stroma, Desceemet's membrane, and the Endothelium but during some transplant, surgeons noticed a new layer when using bubblehey saw on the board.hey mwntioned what t to remove the layers of the cornea. In the procedure they noticed another layer of the Stroma and they were able to find the Dua's layer which is mostly made of collagen making it tougher than other layers of the cornea.

wikimedia

Now that we are done with physiology, let's do a little of neuroscience and perception. Have you heard of the word the Perky's Effect which has to do with people assuming vivid imagination as reality because they are seeing something similar to such around them. In the experiment, Perky asked participant to think of objects while looking at a board and they displayed the object faintly on the screen. When the participants were asked to explain what they had imagined, they mentioned what was showing faintly on the board.

With the experiment, relationship between real visual information or perception and mental imagery was established, and it was attributed to the prefrontal cortex and the visual cortex. This experiment is still being researched and its understanding will help us solve a lot of neurological problems especially one that has to do with hallucination. Although some scientist have tried to recreate the Pecky's effect and didn't get same results for all participants and so research is still ongoing on this.

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^{https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-23062-6
https://nyulangone.org/news/researchers-find-new-organ-missed-gold-standard-methods-visualizing-anatomy-disease
https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/physrev.00037.2011
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53446/
https://www.aaojournal.org/article/S0161-6420(13)00020-1/abstract
https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/806610?
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/06/130611084216.htm
https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/social-sciences-practice/social-science-practice-tut/e/perky-effect}